台北大学不动产与城乡环境学系赖世刚教授学术报告通知

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Decision Network:  A City Management Tool

Abstract: With the increasing number of population residing in cities in China, the challenge of improving human settlement is so immense that the current city management practice needs new ways of looking at cities and taking appropriate actions accordingly. The mission of the proposed Department of City Management at Zhejiang University is to enhance our understanding of how cities work, how cities should work, how plans and decisions are made, and how plans and decisions should be made by viewing cities as complex systems including both physical and non-physical components in which agents interact with each other through information exchange giving rise to self-organized patterns. Appropriate actions are thus analyzed and needed in order for city managers to regulate, plan, and govern cities to improve human settlement by addressing the ultimate question of making rational choice in complex systems. In the first of the two parts of this talk, I will propose a disciplinary framework for city management, including domain knowledge of urban phenomena, theoretical foundation of taking actions, and scholarly scope of research questions. Given this framework, the Department is designed to train students with both the sufficient understanding of how cities work and effective analytical tools that can help the students to cope with urban problems that emerge from the urban development process. Put differently, the objective of teaching and research in the discipline of city management in general, and at the Department of City Management at Zhejiang University in particular, is thus to pursue advanced management science scholarship, and apply research results to solving real world, messy city problems resulting from the urban development process in order to foster professionals and academics to promote research and practice in city management.

Given the disciplinary framework for city management, in order to demonstrate how specific analytic tools can be applied to city management, in the second part of this talk, I will present a conceptual framework for developing such tools. There are few techniques existing specifically for city management in general, and planning analysis in particular. Commonly used decision techniques focus on different, partial aspects of coordinating decisions. The garbage can model focuses on the contexts in which decisions emerge to explain descriptively how organizational choices are made; the strategic choice approach on the relationships among decisions from which rational actions can be taken; and decision tree on the causal sequences of decisions from which an optimal path of plan can be derived. Drawing on the theoretical foundations of the three commonly used techniques, I will introduce a conceptual framework of a tool for city management, Decision Network, which addresses contexts, relationships, and sequences of decisions, with a numerical example of how the decision problem can be formulated and solved. Decision Network can be used by decision makers to make plans who are faced with more than two decisions. Much can be built on this tool to address spatial issues.

Keywords: decision making, planning support system, city management